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Questioning German Lutheran’s Loyalty to Empire (12 November 1914)

German ethnicity was a symbol of the Waterloo Region starting in the mid 19th century; this resulted in constant questions being posed about the region’s loyalty following the outbreak of war. Grey County, located north of Waterloo County, also had serious concerns regarding German loyalty.

With the outbreak of the war Lutherans in Canada were seen in a new light. In Grey County Lutheran ministers and German-Canadians were accused of being disloyal to the British Empire. An article in the Berlin Daily Telegraph sought to dismantle this theory and even went as far as recommending that Ottawa send a detective to investigate, confident that this notion would be debunked once they uncovered the good intentions of the local Germans.

This wartime Canadian comic depicts stereotypical German attire.

(Courtesy of the Canadian War Museum; “German Lutherans Loyalty to the Empire,” Berlin Daily Telegraph, 12 November 1914)

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Accusing Berlin’s Mayor of Misappropriating Funds (17 November 1914)

On Monday 16 November, the Mayor of Berlin was accused of embezzling the city’s funds. Berlin’s tax revenues were $330,000 in 1914. Rumors suggested that over 25% of the city council’s budget was being wasted needlessly.

Mayor Euler responded to the media by presenting a breakdown of the 1914 budget. Roughly $228,135 was mandatory investments. The rest of the budget went towards controllable outcomes such as salaries. Euler’s response demonstrated that Berlin was running on a tight budget during wartime and the accusations had no basis in fact. This act proved how politics could be a distraction to the war effort.

 

(“Berlin’s Mayor Misappropriating Funds” Berlin Daily Telegraph, 1914, Photo courtesy of Archeion http://www.archeion.ca/william-daum-euler-fonds)

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Belgian Relief Fund (19 November 1914)

Work began in mid- November to form a committee for the relief efforts in Belgium. Concerns over the contributions of the rural communities were paramount in a Waterloo Chronicle -Telegraph article. The Waterloo Chronicle reported on the ‘liberal’ responses by local farmers to produce food for the relief efforts. Local representatives of the Belgian Relief Fund reported that Huron County and Grey County already shipped 33 and 50 carloads of food to Belgium. The committee in Waterloo region was to assess what type of contribution the region could send.

(“Belgian Relief Fund,” Waterloo Chronicle-Telegraph, 19 November 1914)

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Farmers and the Patriotic Fund (19 November 1914)

The Waterloo town council became increasingly concerned about the role of local farmers as contributors to the war effort. Not only were there questions posed regarding the lack of manpower to bring in the harvests due to volunteerism but also the role the rural areas would have in supporting the Funds being raised for the war effort.

On 19 November, the Waterloo Chronicle-Telegraph announced that the local farmers were willing to collaborate to raise monetary support for the Patriotic Fund and Belgian Relief Fund. Farmers committed to join the Patriotic Fund as a sign of good faith for the war effort. This commitment demonstrated that rural areas of the Waterloo Region would also to be heavily involved in the donation and industrial phase of the war effort.

(“To the Men of the Village of Ayr,” Waterloo Chronicle-Telegraph, 19 November 1914)

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Catharine Breithaupt’s Diary (25-28 November 1914)

The Breithaupts, a prominent local family, contributed immensely to the war effort. Not only did the household insure the volunteers from Berlin, but they also manufactured goods for British servicemen. Catharine Breithaupt, the 17 year-old family member, recorded the business details of the Breithaupt Tanning Company in her personal diary. On 5 November, she recorded that a total of 2,600 shirts were shipped to the Canadian Expeditionary Force in Britain. Three days later the company sent another 2,200 shirts. Their commitment to the war effort and filling their war contract orders proves that those of German background in the region were supportive of the Canadian cause.

(Breithaupt, Catherine Olive. 1914 Diary (Breithaupt Diary Collection, Rare Books Room at Dana Port Library, University of Waterloo), 25-28 November 1914.)

 

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Hespeler Joins the Patriotic Fund (26 November 1914)

On 23 November, a meeting was held in Alexandra Hall for Hespeler residents. During this time C. H. Mills, the M.P.P. of Berlin, along with several colleagues, attempted to convince the town to create its own branch of the Patriotic Fund. Several addresses were made by the likes of Mayor Kribs, Mills, and local businessman Mr. Forbes. The meeting created an enthusiastic response and the Hespeler Herald pointed out, “Get ready to get busy.” Full details and an official launch date of the campaign were to take place a week later, in early December.

(“Hespeler to Organize Patriotic Fund,” Hespeler Herald, 26 November 1914)

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Elections In the Townships (17 December 1914)

Waterloo Region citizens cast their votes for their respective council positions at the start of December 1914. Towns such as Wellesley did not vote as their council leader A. B. Robertson was re-elected by acclamation along with the Waterloo council, which re-elected its respective council leaders. This was one of the few mentions of local elections, as the local war industry and news from the frontlines dominated the newspapers of the region. Political differences were sidelined to avoid distractions and maintain a level of unity in the Waterloo Region. Additionally, the low level of political strife in the region was in accordance with the political truce proclaimed and observed by the Federal Government.

(“Elections in the Townships,” Elmira Signet, 17 December 1914)

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Public Christmas Tree Erected at City Hall (23 December 1914)

December 21st Berliners gathered at city hall to celebrate Christmas. The Salvation Army and the Army band were present to provide the audience with music as Mayor Euler addressed the people of Berlin. He discussed the pressure that war had put on the city and expressed hope that the conflict would soon come to a close. Following the ceremony, city hall officials illuminated the town square’s twenty-eight-foot Christmas tree.

While the war placed a great burden upon the Waterloo Region, the communities came together to celebrate the holidays. These gatherings also allowed time for reflection on the war itself and for those who had already enlisted.

(“Public Christmas Tree Erected at City Hall,” Berlin Daily Telegraph, 23 December 1914)

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